They may intensify the push toward half and authentic cadences, and the V chord may have a seventh and/or include a \mathrm. ![]() They are mostly used as a predominant harmony (though they can serve an embellishing function as well-see Common-Tone Chords), and they lead directly to root-position V at a cadence point. Transpose the set from Step 3 so that the first pitch class is 0. Notice that both notes in this interval are active notes: each one resolves to sol (\hat5) from a minor second away.Įxample 2. Standard voice leading of the augmented sixth interval.Īugmented sixth chords are another strategy for creating harmonic intensification with chromaticism. Invert the results from Step 2 and put the result in normal order. The names “Italian,” “French,” and “German” are more colorful than historical, but each chord is based on this characteristic interval.Įxample 2 shows the specific scale degrees of the augmented sixth interval and their resolution. Instead, they are identified as chords containing the augmented sixth between le and fi (\downarrow\hat6–\uparrow\hat4) and further categorized according to the other notes in the chord, as shown above. You’re now familiar with the process of finding a chord’s root for Roman numeral analysis, but augmented sixth chords are not typically categorized by root. Overview of the different augmented sixth chords. Augmented sixth chords can occur in both major and minor keys, but they’re more common in minor.Įxample 1. Each augmented sixth chord (Italian, French, and German) contains one or two other scale degrees in addition to this interval, as summarized in the chart below and illustrated in Example 1. Augmented sixth chords have no root, and they resolve to a root-position dominant chord.Īugmented sixth chords are a category of chromatic predominant harmonies whose name is derived from the inclusion of a very specific interval: the augmented sixth between le and fi (\downarrow\hat6–\uparrow\hat4).There are Italian (It +6), French (Fr +6), and German (Ger +6) augmented sixth chords.Augmented sixth chords are a group of chromatic predominant chords containing the interval of an augmented sixth between le and fi (\downarrow\hat6-\uparrow\hat4).
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